Adoption of retrofit measures among homeowners in EU countries: The effects of access to capital and debt aversion

Energy efficiency policies often involve low-interest loans for retrofit measures in private buildings; the main target of these are meant to be households with otherwise poor access capital. However, such programs can only successful if targeted also take up loans. This paper studies relation between capital and debt aversion adoption European Union countries, employing a demographically representative household survey including about 6600 homeowners France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Romania, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom. The findings suggest that negatively affects by homeowners. In particular, debt-averse less likely have adopted than non-debt-averse further provide evidence loan should at younger lower income formal education.